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Smart Bus Stops: Modernizing Public Transport with IoT

Introduction

In cities like Lima, Palermo, or Mexico City, buses are an essential component of public transportation, complementing other options such as metros, trams, and taxis. The number of passengers relying on these services is immense. For example, in Mexico City, more than 14 million daily trips are made on buses and minibuses, while in Lima, nearly 70% of the population depends on public transportation daily.

However, passengers face a major issue: the lack of accurate information about bus arrival times. This leads to long waits, wasted time, and widespread disorganization. This proposal introduces an innovative IoT-based solution to modernize bus stops and optimize public transport systems.

Concept

The solution consists of a simple yet efficient IoT system that uses sensors to detect the arrival of buses at specific stops and sends this information to a central server via a mobile data connection (SIM). This data is displayed on digital boards installed at bus stops, showing the estimated arrival time of the next bus. This system not only enhances the user experience but also provides a technological foundation for future improvements, such as route optimization and data analysis.

Methodology

To implement the system, the following key steps will be followed:

  • Hardware: Devices such as Arduino or Raspberry Pi will be used:
    • Arduino: Ideal for a basic, cost-effective system. It works well for simple tasks like detecting buses.
    • Raspberry Pi: More suitable for advanced systems requiring local data processing or additional features like camera integration.
  • Sensors: Infrared (IR) sensors will be implemented to detect the presence of buses. Alternatively, GPS devices can be installed on buses to provide precise location data.
  • Software: A lightweight program will collect data and send it to the server via SIM. The server will process this information and calculate estimated arrival times.
  • Digital Boards: LED screens will be installed at bus stops to display real-time arrival information. These screens can also include additional information, such as delay alerts.

Development Costs

Economic Scenario

  • Hardware: Arduino and IR sensors: $30 per stop.
  • Basic digital boards: $100 per unit.
  • Basic software development: $5,000.
  • Total estimated cost: $10,000 to $15,000 for a pilot system with 10 stops.

Premium Scenario

  • Hardware: Raspberry Pi with GPS: $150 per stop.
  • Advanced digital boards: $300 per unit.
  • Advanced software with mobile app: $20,000.
  • Total estimated cost: $50,000 to $70,000 for a system with 20 stops.

Potential Clients

  • Large cities with chaotic transportation systems, such as Lima, Mexico City, or Nairobi.
  • Municipalities interested in modernizing their public transport systems.
  • Private transportation and technology companies seeking innovative solutions.

Conclusion

This smart bus stop system has the potential to transform the passenger experience by providing real-time information and enabling better time management. Additionally, it fosters greater trust in public transport, promotes respect for citizens, and improves the quality of life in cities. With a reasonable investment, this project represents a scalable and effective solution to address the challenges of urban transportation in cities worldwide.

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